Imoto Ekuhle Kwabantu Lokusebenza Kwemali

Indlela Lomoto Yabantu Iyenzela Ukusebenza Kwemali

Indlela Yokwehliswa Kwemoto Ku-Economy Yemali

Izinga elingu-20 ukuya ku-30% lokusebenzisa yindlela engcono ethintekileyo yayo yokuqinisekisa ukungena kwamandla ngokwesiqhelo siyasebenzisa yinto engu-SAE International kusuka ku-2022. Xa amagobe aphandakisa kwiindlela ekupheleni, zilwa amandla amakhulu futhi ayenza into engu-heat esikhundleni sokuba yilapho. Okulungile kukuthi amagobe angcono angu-fuel saving ayethola le nto ngokuthi angcono amaphormula amathathu kanye nezindlela zokubangela izindlela.

Ukuthi Kani I-Tire Compound Iqinisekisa Ukungena Kwamandla Futhi Iqinisekisa Ukuthola Kwamaphesenti

Izitambu zokusebenza ngokuhle kwezindlela zibalwa ngokuthutha kwezilica ezifakwe kwiindlela zokubandakanya amandla ngokungabi ngesikhathi eside, kuthula ukungena ngemoto ngama-18–22% ngaphansi kwezilica ezijwayelekile zaseCarbon-Black (Umphakathi weEtyre neManyanathi ase-Eropi 2023). Le ndlela yokwenza izilica ezininayo ukuthutha kumele kuhlale kuthuthelwe emanzini, ukungabi kwezindlela ezingama-3–5% yekhwalithi yezindlela zibalwa ngaphansi kwe-50°F.

Ukudizayina Kwemigca Yezitambu Neqhinga Lalo Kwekhiye Yekhwalithi

Xa amagilide aphindaphinda kuzindlebe, ukuxhumeka okuphezulu kwezinyathelo zokuphinda kwezinyathelo ezingcolile zenza okuqukethwe ngokuthi 'tread squirm', okwaziwa ukuthi kubhekisa kungama-15% wokusebenza okungatholiwe ngokuxhumeka ngokuxhumiwe kwi-Tire Science Quarterly ngoqo. Ukulungiselela leli nkinga, abasebenzisa amagilide bengquma ukuthi baphathe amagilide aphathe amagilide ane-rib ephindeke kanye nezindlebe eziphansi. Lezi zindlela zikhuthaza ukunciphisa ukuxhumeka okungatholiwe xa kusebenza. Abasebenzisi besibonelo baphumelela kakhulu futhi, basebenzisa izinkomba zokudizaynwa ezibalulekile ezithiwa ngokuthi computational fluid dynamics. Basebenzisa lezi zinkomba ukudala izinhlobo zokuphinda ezikhombisa ngokwethu ukuthi zihlinza ukuxhumeka kwezinye kaphakathi kwenqanawa yegilide nokwenza indawo. Lokhu kwenza uhlu olukhulu xa uhamba kizindlebe zokuhamba, kuholela kakhulu kwezinyathelo zokuhamba futhi kubuyisa amandla kudlule kwezinye.

Umgama Wamagilide Nokuchithwa Kwalo Kwezinyathelo Zokuhamba

Ukuncipha umehluko wokuphakama ngemipela engu-2 kumiphakama ngayinye kungakhetha amandla okuphuthela ngama-1.4% (I-Department of Energy ye-United States 2021). Amadoda amabi nezinhlekele zokwenza ngokuphezulu kungakhiwa lokhu noma kungakhethi amandla okulayisha. Kodwa, amaphakama amakhulu kakhulu kwezinye i-tyre kungakhetha ubunzima bokuphakama kwaye kungakhetha ukungqinelwa kwezinhlekele, kuyilapha ukusebenza ngokungcono - ukulinda kwezinhlekele ezinhle kwezinye i-OEM kungaba nokusebenza okuphezulu.

Izici Ezinhle Eziyisisekelo Sokuphezulu Kwamandla Kwamaphakama

Isayensi Yokunciphisa Ukungqinelwa Kwamaphakama Nezinhlekele

Amathayi aklanyelwe ukusebenzisa kahle uphethiloli ahlanganisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokumelana nokuqhekeka okuphansi (LRR) ukuze kuncishiswe amandla alahlwayo. Imfihlo ihlala ekuhlanganisweni okukhethekile kwegamabi okukhipha ukushisa okuncane kodwa nokho kubambelela kahle endleleni. Ngokwemininingwane evela eMnyangweni Wezamandla wase-U.S. emuva ngo-2023, le ndlela inganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla cishe ngo-10% uma iqhathaniswa namathayi avamile. Abakhiqizi baphinde basebenzise amaphethini amancane okuhamba nokulungiswa kwama-groove okuhlakaniphile ukuze banciphise indawo yokuxhumana nokudonsa. Ezinye izifundo zamuva ezihlola izinto ezintsha ezenziwa ngamathayi aluhlaza zithi lezi zinhlelo ze-LRR empeleni zandisa ama-mileage kagesi ezimweni zokushayela zansuku zonke phakathi kuka-1.5% no-4.5%, okungase kungazwakali kukhulu kodwa kuyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kubashayeli abaningi.

Usayizi Wethayi Ofanele: Ukugcina Izinkomba Zomkhiqizi Zokuzuza I-MPG Engcono

Ukwehla kwezandla zokugcina zokujwa kwenza ubudlelwane bokugcina bubeke kakhulu futhi kongeza ukukhala okuphakathi. Ithayela enkulu ngemitha engu-0.5 kunokwenza ukusebenza kwezinto kwehluleka ngu-0.2 MPG ngisho ngenkulu yendawo yokuqhapa. Ukufanisa amathikhulu wokwakhiwa kungenzela ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinyukelo, ukwahlulwa kwegevane, nokukhala okuphakathi.

Ubude bokuphaphama nokuphumelela kwe-Rolling Resistance

Noma bendodwa ukuphaphama okuguqula kakhulu kwehluleka ukusebenza, izithayela eziyisayo zokusebenza kwezindleko zisebenzisa amakhemikhali angahleli ukugcina ukukhala okuphansi ngesikhathi sonke. Izivivinyo zasekile zibonisa ukuthi izithayela eziyisayo zikhumbula 85–90% yazo zokusebenza zakho ekuhlulekweni izindleko xa ziyiphesenti ezingama-50%—kungenxa yaleli kuhle kunezokusebenza eziyisayo, ezingakhumbali lapho kuphela 60–70%.

Izithayela ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza kwezindleko zokugcina nezinhlobo

Michelin Energy Saver A/S: Ukuphumelela kuhlanganisa nezokukhala okuphansi

I-Energy Saver A/S yeMichelin ibhala amachungamalungu amaningi anesilica ngokwesibonelo kakhulu kakhulu kule technologia yeGreen X ukunciphisa ukungcola kwe-rolling ngama-15% ngaphandle kwezithokelwano eziqinile (Izifundo zokusebenza kwezimoto 2023), ekunikeza amaphesenti wokuncipha kwezinhlobo zokulayela. I-tread ezingenakho esiyanelela ukugcina emanzini noma kungahleli ukusebenza, futhi amachungamalungu ayilindele kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa nemigomo.

I-Continental EcoContact 6: Ukuhlelwa okuphezulu ukulanda kwezinhlobo zokulayela

I-EcoContact 6 inemigama egcwele ngolaseri nekhanda elilandelayo eliphakeme ukunciphisa ukungcola kwezinhlobo zokulayela. Isibonelo esingcono kakhulu se-EcoPlus+ sinquma ukungcola okungaphakathi (ukungcola kwamanzi), ekunikeza ukuncipha kwezinhlobo zokulayela kwezimali eziningi ngama-4% kuzifundo ezilandelayo. Ukuphathwa kwezindlela ezintsha kakhulu kwezindlela kunciphisa ukungcola kwenhliziyo, okulingelwa kakhulu abasebenzisa izindawo zokudlala ukuthula nokusebenza.

I-Bridgestone Ecopia EP422 Plus: Ukuphathwa okuhloniphekileyo kwezinhlobo zokulayela noma kungahleli ukuncipha kwezinhlobo zokulayela

Ukuchitha kuka Bridgestone NanoPro-Tech kwekela ukuthinta kwezimolekyuli xa kuthinta, kwekela ukungcola kwe-rolling nge-20%. Isipara esiphakathi esihlanu kuleka ukuphelelwa kwezindlela, ngelokho izingqimba ezingiweyo zenziwa ukuthinta kwezintsha - lokhu kwenza into engafani kangaka yokuphatha iindlela ezingcono kakhulu.

Pirelli Cinturato P7: Ithayela efanelekileyo yokuphatha amandla

I-Pirelli Cinturato P7 isebenza ngesistimu yamandla (ipoliesta, inayiloni, nezinto ezilishani) ukukhuphula ubunzima nge-7% ngokulingana nezinhlelo ezijwayelekileyo. Ukunyuselwa kwezinkinga ngokuphelele kuzindlela kuleka ukuthinta okuphelele, ukulawula ukuphatha amandla ngokudlule kwezinsuku. Lo mmandla wenziwa ukuthi wephelele ukungcola kwe-rolling nge-12% ngaphansi kwezinhloso ezintsha.

Goodyear Assurance Fuel Max: Ukuphatha kwezindlela kanye nezindleko zokuthenga amandla

I-Tech yenkqubo ye-Goodyear i-TredLock isebenzisa i-blok yokuphawuza ukuxhumana nokuqina ukwehla kwezikhumba kwaye yenze ukuba iphawu elide. Ngenkqubo yayo yokuqala ye-10/32", igxininisa kakhulu ukuba iyasebenza ngokuphezulu, ngelixa iindlela ezivulekileyo zokulinganisa kwi-mpg zibonisa ukuphumelela ngama-4% kunye nezinye i-EPA kwiimodeli, nokuba kwi-50% wezikhumba ezenziweyo.

Imisebenzi yokulungisa ukuba yisebenze ngokuphezulu kwiindlela zokusebenza kwamagxilili

Ukugcinwa kwezinhliziyo zokulungelelanisa ukuba yisebenze ngokuphezulu kwezindlela zokusebenza

Kulungiswa kwezindlela kakhulu xa kufanele kubekwe ngokwezindlela zokusebenzisa ikhowudi. Abantu abaningi bazi ukuphela kwezinye izindawo esikwazi kuzo ukuthola le mininzi, noma kwi-incwadi yemoto noma kwi-sticker edele enkulu esemgceni wokusebenzela. Xa amagliga asengelwanga ngendlela echanekileyo, asenza ukuthi kube nezindlela eziphakeme kakhulu kusayithi. Kunezibonelo ezithi ukuthi izindlela zokuthambisa kungakhona kwehluka ngama-10% xa amagliga asengelwanga, oku kungakhona kuthinta izindlela zokuthola ikhowudi ngama-0.2% ngamagilogramu e-Pound (PSI) esingaphezulu kwezinyathelo ezithunyelwe yizokulungiswa. Izinombolo zenza ukuthi kube nezinkinga xa kufanele kubekwe ngokwezindlela ezinkulu. Ngokwesicelo sabaleke laseMakete laseZwelonke lasekupheleni, izinhlangano ezathatha ukusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwezindlela kwezimo ngokwesinye sokuphela sawubona ukuthola ikhowudi ngama-$740 ngamunye wemoto ngayinyaka, oku kungaba ngamakhilogramu kakhulu xa kufanele kubekwe ngokwezindlela ezinkulu.

Imibono ye-Department of Energy eMhlabeni: Ukulungiswa kwezindlela ne-MPG

I-Department of Energy ye-US ibize ukuthi 27% ye-vehiyikili ezimhlophe ziyasebenta ngemiphefumulo engaziwa, ethatha amagallon 1.2 ethu ngokuphelele kwezinye zokusebenza. Ukubuyisa indawo yokuphela kungakuhlela ukusebenzisa isitshalo ngama-3%, okulingana no-kuhla $0.12 ngagallon ngeminyaka yamanje.

Ukuhambisa kwezimphefumulo kanye nokulayisha: Ukugcina amagobe kanye nokusebenza ngokuphelele

Ukungqondakala noma ukusebenta okungcono kungahlela ukugayiswa okungcono, kongeza ukukhululeka ngama-15% futhi kude kwehlise umphume wemphefumulo. Abakhankatha kucela ukuthi kuhambiswe imphefumulo ngalo cala 5,000–8,000 milile kanye nokuhlela ukulayisha kabili ngonyaka. Lokhu kungakuhlela ukuthi kugcine ukuxhumiwe kwerhodhi, kongeza uphume wamagobe ngama-20%, kanye nokugcina ukusebenza ngokuphelele ngokuphelele.

Ukukhetha imphefumulo evela kweklima kanye nokusebenta okwetsha

Zonke-Isezemba koma-Izimphefumulo zomhla: Ukusebenza okungcono ngezinye zokusebenza

Kwemathuba amakhala, amagwebo wokupheka kakhulu aqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi ngokuthi yabo yamade izinto okungenzeka ukuncitwa kwegcabe. Kodwa, le magwebo efanayo iwo kuthola ukulaywa kwabo xa ubude bwezulu libuye phansi ngaphezulu kwe-45 degrees Fahrenheit. Kuba bantu abathanda lokho esebenza ngokubanzi ngeminyaka yonke, amagwebo wasezulu wonke iyiyo indlela yokuthuthukiswa. Iwo senza iphumelela ngokuthi kuhlanganisa kwe-2-4% ngemathuba aphaphazwe ngaphansi kwegwebo lomkapho, noma kutholakala ukuthi kunezinto ezinciyile kakhulu kumhlaba omkhulu. Abantu abadlule emakhaya apho izulu zasekathule ayiphaphameli kakhulu bafuna ukuthi kubaluleke ukuthatha isikhathi sokuthatha amagwebo ngokwesinye. Kodwa kuba abadlali bekhaya apho izulu ayithelekeli kakhulu ukuthi kuthole ukusebenza ngokweminyaka yonke kuyindlela engcono ngoba ukuthatha phela amagwebo kudinga izindleko ezikhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside eminyakeni yonke.

Ukuthatha kanjani kwezulu Kukhawuleza Ukusebenza kweMagwebo nokukhetha

Lapho umuntu ukhuluma ngokulula, akhuthaza ukungcola kweqhuba ngama-15 kuya ema-20% ngokwesicathami saNHTSA eshoniwe kuleli ndanga, okuthi ukuphawa kwezithathu kakhulu futhi ukusetshenziswa okuphakade kwamafutha. Abafuna ukulalela ngokuhle, ukukhetha izithathu nezimpandana eziphezulu zokungcola futhi izinhlobo zezingqimba ezinezilica ezinkulu zokwenza isicelo ngisho lapho kuzwakale kakhulu. Abakhulumeli bokudlala embusweni bokuthi izithathu zokudlala ezingenaphansi kwebandla lapho kungcono ukuthutha kakhulu. Abakhulumeli basegatsheni bafuna izinto ezingene. Kufanele bakhetha izithathu ezinhle zokuthiwa futhi ukuphawula okuphakade, lapho izingqimba kufanele zilinde kakhulu ngisho lapho kuthintwa kakhulu kodwa zilinde ukusebenzisa amandla lapho kuhlabekeza. Ukukhetha okuhle kwesithathu kakhulu kubangelwa yindlela ukulalela noma yiziphi izimo zasekhaya.

UkuFakwayo KweTread Ukuxhuma Kwezimo Zasekhaya Ukuze UkuFika Okuphakade Kwezimali

Ngeso kutholwa kweNtshisekelo ya Northern Trails Association ngo-2024, imitshontsho yamathikili edizayeni ngokwesikali singathutha ukusebenza kwegas kumaqela phakathi kwe-3 fisa kwe-6% ngaphandle kemitshontsho engcono. Xa izindlu zilungile, le mitshontsho ngemigca emide emijulene nomkhumbi wokuthiwa ngama-gallon wezinyo ngemizuzwana yonke, okuyindlela yokulungisa ukuthambwa kwezinhlobo futhi kuthutha ukusebenza kwegas. Kizinye izindawo apho kungakhona ukubula, abasebenzisa amathikili anemigca eminingi ngokuthi yilokho kuthula ukungcola kwezindlu zokuthiwa. Umlilo, abasebenzisa amathikili esikhashana anemigca le-3D etholakala ngokuthi kuthutha ukuthambwa xa kuchaza ukuphansi kwe-0°C. Abasebenzisa amathikili aphelele kusikali ngokuthiwa kumaqela aphumakela ukubilwa kwegas, ngokuvamile kuthola ukuthiwa kwegas kudla phakathi kwe-8 fisa kwe-12%.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yiyiphi into yokungcola kwezitikili?

Ukukhawuleza kweqhuba yilapho ikhipha ivikela ukuxhuma xa iqhuba livalela kwindawo, ukuguqula amandla kwezindleke kwaye kubangela ukungcola amandla okubangela ukuncipiswa komoya.

Ukugqitywa kweqhuba kungaba nokuba khawuleza ngokungcono komoya?

Ukuncipiswa ngokugqitywa kweqhuba kungakhetha amandla wokuxhasa ukuba ngakumbi, ukuba ngakumbi komoya. Izinto ezingapheliyo ngokugqitywa njengokuba amandla aramide ayancipisa ukugqitywa ngenxa yokuba ayikhethi isebenza.

Ke ngaba yintoni ukuqhuba kweqhuba kubalulekile ngokuncipiswa komoya?

Iqhuba elinokugqitywa ngokuchanekileyo ikhawuleza ukukhawuleza kweqhuba, ukuba ngakumbi komoya. Iqhuba ezingaqhube ngokuchanekileyo liyakhiwa inkqubo yokuqhubuka ngokungcono, ukubangela ukongeza komoya odingekayo.

Ke ngaba yintoni inkcazelo yeqhuba iyakuba nokuba khawuleza ngokungcono komoya?

Iinkcazelo zeqhuba ziyaqinisekisa ukukhawuleza kweqhuba kunye nezimali zokuxhuma. Iindlela zokwenza ezingancipisa i-squirm yeqhuba kunye nezixhobo zokuxhuma kungakhetha ukuba ngakumbi komoya ngokukhawuleza ukuxhuma kunye nokukhawuleza.